The people of 5 October

American scientist Karl Deisseroth of Stanford University, and German biophysicists Peter Hegemann of Humboldt University and Georg Nagel of the University of Würzburg are jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for "their discoveries concerning light-gated ion channels and optogenetics".

Science & Tech · 5 Oct · with Peter Hegemann, Georg Nagel

Romanian president Nicușor Dan designates diplomat Luca Niculescu to form a government. Niculescu's choice is the fourth attempt by Dan to appoint a Prime Minister to succeed Ilie Bolojan, who lost a no-confidence vote last May.

Politics · 5 Oct · with Luca Niculescu, Ilie Bolojan

In Kosovo, the acting presidency of Albulena Haxhiu becomes de facto due to her having continuously served in the position for more than six months since assuming office on 4 April, violating the third paragraph of Article 90 in the constitution. The Kuvendi has two days left until the presidential election deadline by the Constitutional Court expires.

Politics · 5 Oct

Spanish prime minister Pedro Sánchez calls a snap general election for 29 November after Parliament voted down two emergency housing decrees that would have restricted evictions, frozen rents, and blocked vulture-fund property buys.

Politics · 5 Oct

Russian president Vladimir Putin approves the restructuring of UniCredit Bank Russia and the subsequent sale of most of the business to a United Arab Emirates-based private investor, while UniCredit retains its payments operations.

Business · 5 Oct

The National Assembly of Laos approves deputy prime minister Saleumxay Kommasith as the new Prime Minister, succeeding Sonexay Siphandone, who became National Assembly president.

Politics · 5 Oct · with Sonexay Siphandone

The International Criminal Court unseals arrest warrants for Taliban education minister Habibullah Agha and higher education minister Neda Mohammad Nadeem, accusing them of the crime against humanity of gender-based persecution in Afghanistan.

Crime & Justice · 5 Oct · with Neda Mohammad Nadeem

The President of Iran, Masoud Pezeshkian, nominates Mehrdad Akhlaghi Ketabchi to the post of Defense Minister.

Politics · 5 Oct · with Mehrdad Akhlaghi Ketabchi

The House of Peoples' Representatives of Ethiopia reelects Abiy Ahmed as Prime Minister.

Politics · 5 Oct